Graduates in Science, Math, Computer Science, and Engineering - Education Provincial Rankings. Key Messages. Nova Scotia is the highest- ranking province on this indicator, coming in fourth; however, because Finland significantly outperforms all other countries, Nova Scotia gets only a “C.”Six provinces earn “D–” grades, scoring below last- place international peer the Netherlands. In 8 out of 1. 0 provinces, a higher percentage of college students than university students are graduating from science, math, computer science, and engineering programs.
Putting science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates in context. The Conference Board has long argued that there is a relationship between the number of science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates and future economic prosperity. These disciplines are widely considered to be the underpinnings of innovation capacity. This is an important point given that Canada has consistently been a “D” performer on innovation. Many of Canada’s peer countries have a strong mathematics and scientific culture that permeates all levels of their education system. How is this indicator calculated? To examine how the provinces compare internationally, and with each other, on graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering, we examined the number of graduates in these fields from undergraduate and advanced research programs in that province or country per 1.
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The age range was selected based on the average age at which individuals typically graduate from these types of programs. By calculating graduation rates per 1. How do the provinces’ most recent graduation rates in these disciplines compare internationally? Finland is the clear leader when it comes to graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering. Finland scores particularly high on engineering graduates, with 1. Canadian graduates were in engineering). Given Finland’s high scores on the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test, it is not surprising that the country produces so many science graduates.



Finland has among the highest scores on science and math for 1. PISA test. The country’s emphasis on R& D and reputation as an innovation leader likely also helps to raise the profile of science, math, computer science, and engineering programs in the eyes of students considering which field of study to enter. The highest- ranking Canadian province is Nova Scotia, which ranks fourth internationally on this indicator.
Six provinces earn “D–” grades, scoring below the last- place Netherlands. For over 3. 0 years, the Netherlands has been trying to increase the number of graduates in science and engineering. In 2. 01. 2, the government announced that by 2. Despite the relatively low number of science graduates to date, there is no evidence of labour market shortages or skills mismatches in the Netherlands. However, there is some concern about the “human capital pipeline” and whether there will be enough graduates to meet future demand in that country.

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Primary concerns for many other countries that also perform poorly on this measure, including Canada and the U. S., are the implications for innovation and the ability to keep up with emerging powers such as India and China, which are producing graduates in these disciplines at an ever- increasing rate. What if Finland is taken out of the ranking? Finland illustrates what is possible in terms of graduates in these disciplines.
However, it is an outlier, significantly outperforming all other countries. If the peer countries and provinces are ranked without Finland, the U. K. Nova Scotia moves up to a “B,” but Canada remains a “D” performer overall. How do the provinces perform relative to each other? In addition to ranking the provinces against Canada’s international peers, the provinces have been compared with each other and placed into three categories: “above average,” “average,” and “below average.”4. Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Ontario have the highest per capita numbers of science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates and are considered above average.
Nova Scotia, with a population of less than 1 million, has 1. By comparison, Ontario has a population of over 1. Nova Scotia is home to several universities with good international reputations for science and engineering programs that attract students from Nova Scotia and elsewhere. Increasing the number of graduates in these disciplines will require more students to enrol in, and complete, these programs.
Research from the U. S. Whether it is a lack of preparation or unmet expectations that influence students’ decisions to switch programs, the issue is affecting every province in Canada. Who is studying science, math, computer science, and engineering? In Canada, the percentage of the working- age population (2.
Women are under- represented in these disciplines. As revealed in the 2. National Household Survey, 1.
Aboriginal people are also under- represented, with 1. Aboriginal population. Conversely, immigrants are more likely to have studied one of these disciplines, with 3. For Canada and the provinces to be competitive, these demographic imbalances need to be addressed. Do the provinces have relative strengths in any of the disciplines?
Science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates can be further broken down into seven sub- disciplines: engineering and engineering tradeslife sciencescomputingphysical sciencesarchitecture and buildingmathematics and statisticsmanufacturing and processing. When examined separately, the provinces do have some strengths. All provinces perform relatively well in life sciences. Four provinces earn “A+” grades, having more per capita graduates in life sciences than any of Canada’s international peers. Unfortunately, in the other categories, most provinces get “D” or “D–” grades. Canada needs more graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering; however, it is not just increasing numbers that will lead to more innovation.
Rather, graduates in these fields also need to be supported by appropriate policies and strategies that will see their innovations developed, diffused, and successfully marketed. In analyzing the Innovation report card, the Conference Board concludes that Canada does not take the steps that other countries do to ensure science outputs can be successfully commercialized and used as a source of advantage for innovative companies seeking global market share. Canadian companies are thus rarely at the leading edge of new technology and too often find themselves a generation or more behind the productivity growth achieved by global industry leaders. Have the provinces improved their relative performance? Every province has either lost ground or kept the same ranking on the number of graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering per capita relative to Canada’s international peers. The overall numbers of graduates in each discipline have increased for all the provinces, but they have not kept pace with Canada’s international peers. The leading country, Finland, more than doubled its number of graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering from 7,2.
What about the college system? There is concern that Canada is not producing enough university- level science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates to stimulate innovation and economic growth. But what about the college system? Colleges are increasingly playing a role in business innovation. Many colleges have partnered with businesses to develop and test new products and improve business innovation processes. Are colleges producing more science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates?
Comparable international data is not available; however, we can compare the percentage of all graduates in science and related disciplines in colleges and universities in the provinces. In 8 out of 1. 0 provinces, colleges produce a higher percentage of science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates than universities. Ontario and Quebec are exceptions, with slightly higher rates of science, math, computer science, and engineering graduates in university than college. The large discrepancy in the percentage of college and university graduates that is evident in many of the provinces raises some questions. Is there a capacity issue?
Is there something about college science programs that is more appealing? College programs are often promoted for their “real world application,” and the evidence suggests that college students are (in most provinces) more likely to be drawn to science and technology programs than university students. More research is needed to understand why.
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